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==Church Preservation== | ==Church Preservation== | ||
The Churches of Venice house 2221 [[Church Floor Artifacts]], which undergo wear and tear on a daily basis. Since these artifacts are made of stone, they are durable, but over the centuries, the text or images carved into the artifact is worn smooth. La Soprintendenza is a branch of the Ministry of Heritage and Cultural Activities that coordinates restoriation efforts across Italy; Churches recieve funding from the Monuments division. Much of the money for preservation efforts come from Italian tax payers but admission prices to the churches also offset some of the costs. For more information on restoration, see the Artifact Preservation section of [[Church Floor Artifacts]]. | The Churches of Venice house 2221 [[Church Floor Artifacts]], which undergo wear and tear on a daily basis. Since these artifacts are made of stone, they are durable, but over the centuries, the text or images carved into the artifact is worn smooth. La Soprintendenza is a branch of the Ministry of Heritage and Cultural Activities that coordinates restoriation efforts across Italy; Churches recieve funding from the Monuments division. Much of the money for preservation efforts come from Italian tax payers but admission prices to the churches also offset some of the costs.<ref>Soprintendenza B.A.P. di Venezia e Laguna. 2012. 7 Oct 2012 <http://www.soprintendenza.venezia.beniculturali.it/></ref> For more information on restoration, see the Artifact Preservation section of [[Church Floor Artifacts]]. | ||
==Statistics== | ==Statistics== | ||
Of the 144 Churches in Venice, 96% (138) of them are / were Catholic. This is an overwhelming majority. Today, 88 of the church buildings in the city of Venice are still functioning as churches and hold religious celebrations to some extenet during the week. 74 (54%) of the church buildings of Venice have had the artifacts they house cataloged. The remaining Churches may or may not have artifacts, but due to limited access, some of these buildings are not accessible to cataloge. | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Active_vs_Closed.PNG|The Number of Active and Closed Churches in Venices | File:Active_vs_Closed.PNG|The Number of Active and Closed Churches in Venices | ||
Revision as of 16:14, 22 December 2012
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Churches, or chiese in Italian, are a common feature in most squares, or campi, throughout the city of Venice. 139 churches are visible in the city's skyline, including a few recognizable landmarks, such as Church of Frari, Church of Miracoli, and the Basilica of San Marco (Church) pictured on the right. Some of the larger churches have become tourist attractions in the city of Venice. The most commonly visited church is Basilica of San Marco (Church), however many others are open to the public daily. Several churches are open for free or ask for donations, however 16 are run by the Chorus, an organization that is responsible for the maintenance of select churches in the city, charges a small fee for entrance.
History
One of the reasons Venice has so many churches is that each community in the city built its own place of worship, usually as a way of bringing the community together. Churches were often funded by wealthy merchants to showcase their wealth, by constructing dramatic interiors or elaborate façades. The oldest churches in the city were first established in the 9th century. While these church buildings are no longer standing, their traditions have continued through the years. In addition of old age, the churches of Venice have been subject to many disasters. In both the 11th and 15th centuries, fires burned through the city, destroying nearly all the buildings in their path. In the 15th century, the great fire in San Marco burned 21 churches to the ground. [1]
Another event in Venice’s history that affected many of the churches was Napoleon Bonaparte’s occupation of the city. In 1797, Napoleon took control of the Republic of Venice, and proceeded to suppress many churches and converts. Many of the churches he suppressed were able to reopen a couple of years later, however several were converted to military barracks or warehouse facilities and have not been restored to their original condition. [2] Napoleon also ransacked several of the churches, and sold the art work that hung on their walls. Whether it has experienced one of these examples of city wide events, every church in Venice has a unique story to share.
Church Floors
Floors are generally the last place someone looks for art, but in Venice, this is hardly the case. 74 of the 139 churches of Venice contain 2221 floor artifacts categorized as either tombs or plaques. [3] These Church Floor Artifacts contain valuable information in their inscriptions that provide a glimpse into the Venetian history. Several churches contain tombs of Doges, former rulers of Venice, and other wealthy citizens. These tombs help visitors to gain a better understanding of the age of the church they are in and its significance to the city’s history. After hundreds of years of people walking on the floors coupled with the acqua alta floods that Venice is famous for, these artifacts are in danger of being worn away. Preservation efforts of the inscriptions are important to maintain the history of the churches.
Visiting Churches
Many of the consecrated churches are open to the public to allow visitors to see the works or art inside them. While admission to most costs nothing (free will donation accepted) some churches, such as Church of San Zanipolo have admission prices, which go toward the cost of keeping the Church open as well as restoration effors. The 16 churches that are operated by the Chorus all have admission charges, with one time admission being 3 euro. A chorus pass is also avaiable for 10 euros which allows the bearer to enter all 16 church in Venice for one discounted price. Student rates are available for one day admission and chorus passes, costing 1.5 euro and 7 euro respectively. For more information of the Venetian Chorus, visit the website listed below.
Religious Services
While there are 139 church buildings in the city of Venice, only 88 of them are still practicing churches that hold mass at least once a week. The other 51 churches have been converted to other uses such as schools, museums or storage facilities. The map below shows the location of the 88 practicing churches in Venice in green, not including 12 located on the Lagoon islands. For additional infomation on service times, select a church from the list below.
Church Preservation
The Churches of Venice house 2221 Church Floor Artifacts, which undergo wear and tear on a daily basis. Since these artifacts are made of stone, they are durable, but over the centuries, the text or images carved into the artifact is worn smooth. La Soprintendenza is a branch of the Ministry of Heritage and Cultural Activities that coordinates restoriation efforts across Italy; Churches recieve funding from the Monuments division. Much of the money for preservation efforts come from Italian tax payers but admission prices to the churches also offset some of the costs.[4] For more information on restoration, see the Artifact Preservation section of Church Floor Artifacts.
Statistics
Of the 144 Churches in Venice, 96% (138) of them are / were Catholic. This is an overwhelming majority. Today, 88 of the church buildings in the city of Venice are still functioning as churches and hold religious celebrations to some extenet during the week. 74 (54%) of the church buildings of Venice have had the artifacts they house cataloged. The remaining Churches may or may not have artifacts, but due to limited access, some of these buildings are not accessible to cataloge.
-
The Number of Active and Closed Churches in Venices -
A comparison between the number of Churches with Assessed artifacts and Churches with none or not yet assessed artifacts -
A comparison showing the large percentage of Catholic Churches in Venice
Map
<display_map height=600 zoom=14 centre=45.440155,12.345403> 45.265582,12.300881|Church of Ognissanti di Pellestrina 45.27445,12.301168|Church of Santi Vito e Modesto in Pellestrina 45.282621,12.302482|Church of San Antonio 45.432203,12.311178|Church of Santa Marta 45.42692,12.314087|Church of San Gerardo 45.432596,12.315829|Church of San Nicolo dei Mendicoli 45.317496,12.315974|Church of San Pietro 45.438393,12.316176|Church of La Zirada 45.433282,12.316219|Church of Le Teresa 45.439357,12.316498|Church of Nome di Gesu 45.435149,12.316842|Church of Santa Maria Maggiore 45.432563,12.318999|Church of L'Anzolo Rafael 45.447246,12.319101|Church of Le Penitenti 45.431996,12.320083|Church of San Sebastiano 45.4453,12.320104|Church of San Giobbe 45.426013,12.321727|Church of San Convertite 45.437806,12.321831|Church of Tolentini 45.441437,12.322011|Church of Gli Scalzi 45.433754,12.322091|Church of Carmini 45.425716,12.323046|Church of San Cosmo 45.43139,12.323435|Church of Ognisanti 45.426919,12.323616|Church of San Eufemia 45.447246,12.323993|Church of Le Cappuccine 45.435309,12.324047|Church of Santa Margherita 45.440825,12.324395|Church of San Simeon Grando 45.440863,12.324416|Church of San Simeon Piccolo 45.432053,12.324449|Church of Le Romite 45.435999,12.32449|Church of San Pantalon 45.446794,12.325023|Church of San Girolomo 45.442725,12.325268|Church of San Geremia 45.433209,12.325297|Church of San Barnaba 45.436997,12.325308|Church of San Rocco 45.445719,12.325753|Suore Dorotee 45.430902,12.325918|Church of San Trovaso 45.438214,12.326034|Church of San Giovanni Evangelista 45.429743,12.326594|Church of Santa Maria della Visitazione 45.437114,12.326665|Church of Frari 45.443994,12.32674|Church of San Leonardo 45.447935,12.326754|Church of San Bonaventura 45.429404,12.327164|Church of Gesuati 45.440306,12.327367|Church of San Giacomo dell'Orio 45.43596,12.327752|Church of San Tommaso 45.441751,12.327774|Church of San Zandegola 45.429983,12.328113|Church of Sant'Agnese 45.433627,12.328299|Church of San Samuele 45.431407,12.328583|Church of La Carità 45.443226,12.328588|Church of San Marcuola 45.448149,12.329014|Church of Sant'Alvise 45.432436,12.329398|Church of S. Vidal 45.43721,12.329532|Church of San Polo 45.430722,12.330103|Church of Santi Vito e Modesto 45.430827,12.330345|St. Georges Church 45.440238,12.330371|Church of Maria Mater Domini 45.441525,12.330671|Church of San Stae 45.425518,12.330747|Church of San Trinità 45.444103,12.330882|Church of Servi 45.43372,12.331042|Church of San Stefano 45.443204,12.331122|Church of La Maddalena 45.433087,12.33157|Church of San Maurizio 45.428644,12.331729|Church of Spirito Santo 45.43427,12.331866|Oratorio dell'Annunciata 45.439702,12.332063|Church of San Cassian 45.443051,12.33218|Church of Santa Fosca in Cannaregio 45.425212,12.332451|Church of Redentore 45.435834,12.332463|Church of San Benedetto 45.437964,12.332507|Church of Sant'Aponal 45.446591,12.332526|Church of La Madonna dell'Orto 45.43274,12.332753|Church of Santa Maria Zobenigo 45.44388,12.33288|Church of San Marziale 45.441723,12.333379|Church of San Felice 45.437553,12.333396|Church of San Silvestro 45.435839,12.333649|Church of San Luca 45.43079,12.33369|Church of San Gregorio 45.430179,12.334035|Church of Catecumeni 45.433989,12.334094|Church of San Fantin 45.438711,12.334383|Church of San Giovanni Elemosinario 45.43102,12.334754|Church of La Salute 45.441087,12.335001|Church of Santa Sofia 45.424921,12.33516|Church of La Croce 45.443966,12.335173|Church of La Misericordia 45.438598,12.33531|Church of San Giacometo di Rialto 45.433134,12.336048|Church of San Moisè 45.437731,12.336229|Church of San Bartolomeo 45.440265,12.336308|Church of Anglicana 45.443408,12.336375|Church of Santa Caterina 45.43688,12.336506|Church of San Salvador 45.434727,12.336829|Church of San Gallo 45.439155,12.337227|Church of San Giovanni Grisostomo 45.377473,12.337595|Church of Santa Maria dell'Assunzione 45.435638,12.33772|Church of Santa Croce (Church) 45.437064,12.338003|Church of La Fava 45.437617,12.33846|Church of San Lio 45.440161,12.338539|Church of San Canciano 45.435956,12.338582|Church of San Zulian 45.427108,12.339125|Church of Le Zitelle 45.439566,12.339194|Church of Miracoli 45.443633,12.339254|Church of Gesuiti 45.435141,12.339329|Church of San Basso 45.434644,12.339458|Basilica of San Marco (Church) 45.434984,12.340259|Church of San Teodoro 45.437162,12.341047|Church of Santa Maria Formosa 45.435737,12.341462|Church of San Zaninovo 45.43959,12.34153|Church of San Zanipolo 45.4414,12.342468|Church of Mendicanti 45.429642,12.342646|Church of San Giorgio 45.438842,12.342818|Church of L'Ospedalletto 45.434724,12.343557|Church of San Zaccaria 45.435571,12.344636|Church of Greci 45.434311,12.344963|Church of La Pietà 45.440155,12.345403|Church of Santa Maria del Pianto 45.437492,12.345451|Church of San Lorenzo 45.43621,12.345968|Church of San Giorgio degli Schiavoni 45.438268,12.345993|Church of Santa Giustina 45.436643,12.346229|Church of San Giovanni di Malta 45.43569,12.346412|Church of San Antonin 45.434455,12.346797|Church of La Bragora 45.449286,12.346882|Church of San Michele 45.438457,12.347661|Church of La Vigna 45.458683,12.348777|Church of Santa Maria degli Angeli 45.434662,12.348949|Church of San Martino 45.433755,12.348971|Church of Ca' di Dio 45.432676,12.349989|Church of San Biagio 45.45502,12.352626|Church of San Pietro Martire 45.432958,12.354037|Church of San Francesco di Paula 45.432767,12.356446|Church of San Gioacchino 45.430633,12.357167|Church of San Giuseppe 45.457527,12.357232|Church of San Donato 45.432676,12.358138|Church of Sant'Anna 45.434805,12.359779|Church of San Pietro di Castello 45.403661,12.361806|Church of San Antonio 45.426414,12.362834|Suore Mantellate 45.427108,12.365374|Church of Sant'Elena 45.417266,12.368855|Church of Santa Maria Elisabetta 45.442332,12.377429|Church of Sant'Erosia 45.427877,12.380692|Church of San Nicolò 45.484041,12.405809|Church of Santa Caterina 45.459179,12.410323|Church of Sant'Erasmo 45.498368,12.418744|Church of Santa Fosca in Torcello 45.484688,12.41875|Church of San Martino 45.498594,12.41912|Church of Santa Maria Assunta </display_map>
This map shows the location of all the churches of Venice, including the 19 located on the Lagoon islands.
See Also
References
- ↑ http.churchesofvenice.co.uk
- ↑ http.churchesofvenice.co.uk
- ↑ Dechaine, Danielle, Hennessey, Meghan, Orszulak, Jeffrey, Rullmann, Kevin. Treasures Underfoot: Preserving Venice's Church Floor Artifacts. An Interactive Qualifying Project for Worcester Polytechnic Institute. 2012.
- ↑ Soprintendenza B.A.P. di Venezia e Laguna. 2012. 7 Oct 2012 <http://www.soprintendenza.venezia.beniculturali.it/>
Bibliography
Dechaine, Danielle, Hennessey, Meghan, Orszulak, Jeffrey, Rullmann, Kevin. Treasures Underfoot: Preserving Venice's Church Floor Artifacts. An Interactive Qualifying Project for Worcester Polytechnic Institute. 2012.
S. Hoey, M. Kahan, P Marchetti, K Mazza. Convents, Palaces and Churches: Transformation of Historic Buildings and the Impact on Venice’s Neighborhoods. An Interactive Qualifying Project for Worcester Polytechnic Institute. 2003.
Santos,Luiz G., Petrowski,Craig Peter, Kristant,Elaine Hazel, Delaive,Amanda Leigh. The Church Floors in Venice, Italy -- an Archeological Study and Analysis. An Interactive Qualifying Project for Worcester Polytechnic Institute. 2002.
Lorenzetti, Giulio. “Venice and its Lagoon: Historical-Artistic Guide” Edizoni LINT S.R.L. Italy. 1994
Mandonnet, P. (1911). Order of Preachers. In The Catholic: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved December 4, 2012 from New Advent: <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12354c.htm>